bill quia timet
bill quia timet 预防性诉状 衡平法上的一种诉状，提出这种诉状的依据是原告担忧他人的错误或疏忽有可能对其财产权利或利益造成损害。这种诉状是为了预防可能或即将产生的损害，并为现存权利保留据以避免未来或偶然损害的手段。它与禁制令〔injunction〕不同，后者针对的是过去、现在的或紧迫、特定的损害。(→quia timet)
Search Results for: QUIA TIMET
quia timet
quia timet 〈拉〉由于惧怕 衡平法上，当事人惧怕或担心其某一权利或利益将可能遭受损害，而现有的普通法上的诉讼又不能预防该损害的发生时，允许当事人向衡平法院提起诉讼，寻求衡平法上的救济。法院可根据具体情况作出不同处理，如向被告签发禁制令〔injunction〕等。
quia timet
quia timet (kwI-[schwa] tI-m[schwa]t orkwee-[schwa] tim-et). [Latin “because he fears”] A legal doctrine that allows a person to seek equitable relief from future probable harm to a specific right or interest. [Cases: Equity 17. C.J.S. Equity § 55.] “A second class of cases where equity courts act to prevent injury are known as ‘quia timet’
bill quia timet
An equitable bill used to guard against possible or prospective injuries and to preserve the means by which existing rights are protected from future or contingent violations. • It differs from an injunction, which corrects past and present — or imminent and certain — injuries. One example is a bill to perpetuate testimony. See QUIA
bill to quiet possession and title
bill to quiet possession and title 确定占有与所有权的诉状 又可称为消除所有权瑕疵的诉状。尽管有时将其与预防性诉状〔bill quia timet〕列为一类，或是用以废除一些无效的文件，但在原告的所有权明晰却又存在瑕疵的情况下，仍可通过这种诉状寻求救济。(→cloud on title)
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bill in equity
bill in equity 衡平法上的起诉状 在英国1873-1875年《司法组织法》〔Judicature Acts〕之前衡平法院的诉讼程序中，一起普通的诉讼是以向御前大臣〔Lord Chancellor〕递交起诉状〔bill〕开始的，起诉状通常由4部分组成：１标题，说明所呈交的法院以及原告和被告的姓名；２对御前大臣的称呼；３案件事实陈述部分；４请求给予的救济。起诉状要由起草的律师签字。开始一项诉讼的起诉状称初始诉状〔original bill〕，区别于修改的诉状〔amended bill〕。起诉状要送达给被告，就像现在的令状一样。因此，它兼具传票令〔writ of summons〕和诉求陈述〔statement of claim〕的功能。提交起诉状是进行诉讼的第一步。起诉状〔bill〕经常与诉讼〔suit〕被作同义使用，在这个意义上，可将起诉状分为3种：初始诉状〔original〕、初始诉状性质的诉状〔in the nature of original〕和非初始诉状〔not original〕。初始诉状向法庭提供的事实是未经法庭受理过的，并且要请求救济或者具有某种辅助目的。请求救济的起诉状有多种，有专门名称的包括：确定竞合权利诉状〔interpleader bill〕，调卷复审诉状〔certiorari bill〕，预防性诉状〔bill quia timet〕，防止滥诉诉状〔bill of peace〕。但这些诉状在实践中很少运用。非请求救济的起诉状有两类：１证言保全诉状〔bill to perpetuate testimony〕；２请求披露诉状〔bill of discovery〕。初始诉状性质的诉状和非初始诉状在1873-1875年以前在实践中即早已不用，它们包括：补充诉状〔supplemental bill〕、恢复诉讼诉状〔bill of revivor〕、复审诉状〔bill of review〕。旧时英国衡平法院中进行的普通诉讼被称作根据英文的起诉状提起的诉讼〔suit by English bill〕，以此区别在该法院的普通法分庭〔common law side〕中进行的诉讼，后者使用的是诺曼法语或拉丁文。
writ of prevention
writ of prevention. A writ to prevent the filing of a lawsuit. See QUIA TIMET.
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exoneration
exoneration (eg-zon-[schwa]-ray-sh[schwa]n). 1. The removal of a burden, charge, responsibility, or duty. 2. The right to be reimbursed by reason of having paid money that another person should have paid. 3. The equitable right of a surety — confirmed by statute in many states — to proceed to compel the principal debtor to satisfy the
writ of prevention
writ of prevention 阻止(起诉)令 一种阻止可能提起之诉讼发生的令状。 (→quia timet)
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